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自考“英语（一）”笔记 五十二
Text A The importance of being kind and polite
本课首要单词
1.frankly1 adv. 坦白地，直爽地；坦率地说
1）He frankly admitted that he had made a mistake. （他坦率地供认自己犯了个过错。）
2）She asked me to tell her frankly what I wished to do. （她让我坦率地告诉她我希望做什么。）
3）Frankly，he is not easy to get along with. （坦率地说，他这个人欠好打交道。）
4）Quite frankly，I don‘t care about what they may say. （坦率地说，我不在乎他们会说什么。）
frank adj. 坦白的 v. 盖免费邮戳于（邮件）；答应…安闲通过
1）They gave us a frank reply. （他们给了我们一个坦率的答复。）
2）They have franked these letters. （他们现已给这些函件盖了邮资已付的邮戳。）
3）We are trying to frank him through customs. （我们正努力使他免检通过海关。）
2.boring adj. 令人厌烦的；庸俗的
bored adj. 感到厌烦的
bore v. 使厌烦，使厌恶 n. 令人讨厌的人或事
boredom2 n. 厌烦，厌恶；庸俗
1）It was such a boring journey that he didn‘t want to say anything about it.（这次游览很庸俗，他什么也不想提及。）
2）I am bored. I don‘t have anything to do. （我无事可做，感到庸俗。）
3）Most of the book had bored him， with the exception of one chapter.（除了其间的一章，这本书的大部分内容使他感到庸俗。）
4）Sam is such a bore that no one wants to have anything to do with him.（山姆是个很令人讨厌的人，谁都不想与他打交道。）
5）She seems so depressed3 by the boredom of her city life. （城市生活的庸俗好像令她懊丧。）
3.honestly adv. 诚笃地；的确
honest adj. 诚笃的
honesty n. 诚笃
dishonest adj. 不诚笃的；不正直的
1）Honestly， I don‘t know what you’re talking about. （说实在的，我不知道你在讲些什么。）
2）You have to answer the following questions honestly. （你得诚笃地答复下列问题。）
3）He is honest，he doesn‘t tell lies. （他是老实人，不撒谎。）
4）First of all，you should be honest about why you want the money. （首要，你应该坦率地说为什么要这些钱。）
5）We have no doubt as to his honesty. （对他的诚笃我们毫不怀疑。）
6）How can you believe such a dishonest person. （你怎么能信任这样一个不诚笃的人？）
7）He got his money in dishonest ways. （他以不正当的方法搞钱。）
4.impress v. 给…深化的形象
impression n. 形象；效果，影响
impressive adj. 给人以深化形象的
1）What I saw and heard there impressed me deeply. （那儿的所见所闻给我留下了深化的形象。）
2）I was impressed by his high efficiency. （他的高效率给我留下了深化的形象。）
3）My advice seemed to make no impression on him. （我的劝说好像对他不起效果。）
4）She made a very good impression on her employer. （她给雇主留下了极好的形象。）
5）The impressive scene will be always in his mind. （那个难忘的局面将永久留在他的脑海中。）
5.collection n. 搜集；收藏品
collect v. （去）取；接；聚集
1）He has a large collection of books. （他有很多的藏书。）
2）The collection of butterfly specimens4 takes up all his spare time. （他一切的业余时间都用于搜集蝴蝶标本了。）
3）He likes collecting stamps. （他喜好集邮。）
4）I have to go and collect my daughter. （我得去接女儿了。）
5）A large crowd collected in front of the building. （那座楼前聚集了一大群人。）
collect 也能够做副词用，意思是“由受话人付费”，如：
I will call London collect. （我将给伦敦打一个对方付费的电话。）
6.misunderstand v. 误解，误解
misunderstanding n. 误解；争辩
1）Don‘t misunderstand us， we are here to help， not to make trouble.
（别误解我们的意思，我们是来帮忙的，不是惹麻烦的。）
2）She misunderstood what her friend said， and went away in a fury.
（她误解了她朋友所说的话，怒气冲冲地走了。）
3）They had a misunderstanding， but they have become friendly again. （他们曾有过争辩，不过又言归于好了。）
4）I don‘t hope the minor5 misunderstanding will affect our friendship. （我不希望这点小误解会影响我们的友谊。）
7.friction6 n. 冲突；欠好，争辩
1）Constant friction caused the rope to break. （不断的冲突使绳子断了。）
2）The efficiency of the machine is higher because there is less friction.
（由于冲突力较小，这台机器的效率更高了。）
3）Family frictions7 can interfere8 with a child‘s schoolwork. （家庭中的争持会影响孩子的学业。）
4）The friction between the two countries is getting more and more serious. （两国之间的冲突在加重。）
8.conflict n. 冲突，冲突 v. 冲突，冲突
1）The conflict between the two villages lasted for years. （两个村子之间的冲突持续了数年。）
2）They came into conflict over the ownership of the house. （他们就房子的一切权问题产生了剧烈的争辩。）
3）His statement conflicted with what his friend said. （他的说法与他的朋友所言截然不同。）
4）My idea might conflict with his. （我的观念，或许会与他的观念相冲突。）
9.enforce v. 实施，实行；强制；着重
1）The president of our university said time and again that it was necessary to enforce the school regulations.
（我们大学的校长一再说实行校规很有必要。）
2）People were dissatisfied with the government‘s inability to enforce its law.
（人们对政府无力实行法律非常不满。）
3）Very often parents enforce their own will on children. （爸爸妈妈常常把自己的自愿强加给孩子们。）
4）Illness enforced him to lie in bed. （疾病迫使他卧床。）
5）You need to enforce you arguments by producing facts and figures. （你需求提出实际与数据来加强你的论点。）
10.interact v. 互相影响，互相效果，互相交流
interaction n. 互相影响，互相效果
1）Mothers and babies internet in a complex way. （母婴以一种凌乱的方法互相交流。）
2）Students are encouraged to interact in class in English by the teacher. （教师鼓励学生在课堂上用英语互动。）
3）There is a need for more interaction between parents and children. （爸爸妈妈和孩子之间需求更多的互相交流。）
4）They are doing some research on the interaction between seawater and lava9.
（他们正对海水与溶岩的互相效果进行研究。）
inter-是一个前缀，标明“互相”；“在…中心”。如：interchange （互换）；intercommunicate （相互联络；相互通讯）；interdependent （互相依赖，相互依存）；international （国际的）；interstate （州际的）；interuniversity （大学间的）
11.consensus10 n. 合意；（定见等的）共同；舆论
1）There was a kind of unspoken consensus between them. （他们之间有一种默契。）
2）The consensus was to abandon the project. （大多数人的定见是抛弃该项计划。）
3）It is very difficult for them to reach a consensus on what they are going to do.
（要就他们将要进行的事情到达大致定见是很困难。）
4）You have to build a consensus with them if you really want to get their help.
（假设你真想得到他们的帮忙，你得与他们到达共同定见。）
12.guideline n. 指导方针，准则，规范
1）They are going to adopt new guidelines for national economy. （他们将采取新的国民经济指导方针。）
2）Today the moral guidelines are not as obvious as they were. （现在的道德准则不再曾经一样清晰了。）
3）The chemical additives11 still exceed guidelines set to protect public health.
（化学添加剂依然超过了为维护公众健康而确定的规范。）
13.unacceptable adj. 不能接受的，不受欢迎的
acceptable adj. 可接受的
accept v. 接受
1）It is entirely12 unacceptable to break the law for the sake of money. （为了钱而犯法是完全不行接受的。）
2）The proposal was unacceptable. （这个主张是不能接受的。）
3）This is a proposal that is acceptable to all sides. （这是一个各方面都能接受的主张。）
4）They didn‘t accept the invitation to attend the evening party. （他们没有接受到会晚会的邀请。）
14.adolescent adj. 青春期的；青少年的 n. （16岁以下的）青少年
adolescence13 n. 青春期（13-16岁的发育期）
1）He was afraid that his son had anything to do with the adolescent gang.
（他担忧他儿子与青少年犯罪集团有牵连。）
2）This film aimed at adolescents. （这部电影专为青少年拍照。）
3）His adolescence was not a happy time for him. （他的青春期过的不高兴。）
4）Before his parents could realize it Tom had already reached the age of adolescence.
（爸爸妈妈还没意识到这个问题，汤姆已到了青春期年纪。）
15.swear v. 咒骂；立誓 n. 誓词
1）Don‘t swear in front of the children. （别在孩子们面前谩骂。）
2）Will you swear that you were not on the scene？ （你乐意立誓说你当时不在现场吗？）
3）I swear that I will never trust him any more. （我保证再也不信任他了。）
4）He swore by his honor that he would return the money in two weeks.
（他以自己的声誉立誓保证在两周内还钱。）
5）They refused to swear on a Bible. （他们拒绝手按圣经立誓。）
6）Don‘t take his swear seriously. （别拿他的誓词确实。）
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